Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary Tract Infection Urinary parcel of acres contagious disease (UTI) is an contagion that affects any part of the urinary leaflet. The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. bladder infection or cystitis is the well-nigh common type of UTI. If the infection affects the kidney, it is called pyelonephritis which is a more proficient infection. Background 1.bacterial infections of urinary tract are a very(prenominal) common reason to try health services 2.Common in young females and uncommon in males under age 50 3.Common causative existences ?a.Escherichia coli (gram-negative move intoal bacteria) causes most community acquired infections ?b.Staphylococcus saprophyticus, gram-positive organism causes 10 15% ?c.Catheter-associated UTIs caused by gram-negative bacteria: Proteus, Klebsiella, Seratia, Pseudomonas standard mechanisms that maintain sterility of urine ?a.Adequate urine volume ?b.Free-flow from kidneys through ur inary meatus ?c.Complete bladder emptying ?d.Normal moroseness of urine ?e.Peristaltic activity of ureters and workmanlike ureterovesical junction ?f.Increased intravesicular pressure preventing wane ?g.In males, antibacterial effect of coat in prostatic silver-tongued Pathophysiology 1.Pathogens which have colonized urethra, vagina, or perineal area enter urinary tract by emanation mucous membranes of perineal area into lower urinary tract 2.Bacteria can travel from bladder to infect the kidneys 3.Classifications of infections ?a.Lower urinary tract infections: urethritis, prostatitis, cystitis ?b.Upper urinary tract infection: pyelonephritis (inflammation of kidney and renal pelvis) Risk Factors 1.Aging ?a.Increased incidence of diabetes mellitus ?b.Increased risk of urinary stasis ?c.Impaired immune response 2.Females: short urethra, having sexual intercourse, use of contraceptives that commute normal bacteria flora of vagina and perineal tissues; with age limiting magnitude incidence of c! ystocele,...If you want to get a abundant essay, say it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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